Robert James Fitzsimmons (26 May 1863 – 22 October 1917) was a Cornish people professional boxer who was the sport's first three-division world champion. He achieved fame for beating "Gentleman Jim" Corbett (the man who beat John L. Sullivan), and he is in The Guinness Book of World Records as the lightest heavyweight champion, weighing just 167 pounds when he won the title.McWhirter, Norris. The Guinness Book of World Records 1997. p. 467. " Lightest heavyweight champion Robert James "Bob" Fitzsimmons of Great Britain, weighed 167 pounds when he won the title by knocking out James J. Corbett". Random House Publishing Group, 1997 Nicknamed Ruby Robert and The Freckled Wonder, he took pride in his lack of scars and appeared in the ring wearing heavy woollen underwear to conceal the disparity between his trunk and leg-development.
After defeating George Gardiner for the world light-heavyweight title on November 25, 1903, Fitzsimmons became the oldest champion at 40, a record that lasted until George Foreman 1994 WBA heavyweight title win. Considered one of the hardest punchers in boxing history, Physical Freak Flattened Men "Like Texas Cyclone", The Barrier Miner, (Thursday, 25 November 1954), p. 7. Fitzsimmons is ranked No. 8 on The Ring magazine's list of 100 greatest punchers of all time. Boxing writer and founder of The Ring magazine, Nat Fleischer, ranked Fitzsimmons the third greatest heavyweight of all time and regarded him as the greatest pound for pound knockout puncher in boxing history.
They settled in Timaru, a town 147 km (91 miles) south-west of Lyttelton populated mainly by Cornish immigrants, and James Fitzsimmons established a blacksmith's forge in the town. Once Fitzsimmons had completed his education at the Timaru Main School, he took on a range of jobs. He wanted to join the crew of the Isabella Ridley, and do some service as a sailor, hoping that it would toughen him up for a career in boxing, but the ship was badly damaged in storms while still docked in Timaru.Nicholson 2011, p. 45. Instead, he took on a range of jobs; as a butcher's delivery boy, a carriage painter, striker at an iron foundry, and a decorator, before becoming an apprentice at his family's blacksmith's forge with his brother Jarrett. His time working in the blacksmith's forge helped to develop his upper body, particularly his arms and shoulders. During his time working in the blacksmith's forge, there are stories that Fitzsimmons was not averse to fighting quarrelsome, often drunk, customers, and it was suggested that this even boosted business, as customers returned to the forge, hoping to see a fight.Nicholson 2011, p. 46.
By this stage, Fitzsimmons had established his own style. He developed a certain movement and caginess from one of the greatest bare-knuckle fighters, Jem Mace. Mace encouraged Fitzsimmons to develop his punching technique, drawing on the enormous power he had gained from Blacksmith. Fitzsimmons delivered short, accurate and occasionally conclusive punches. He soon built up a reputation as by far the hardest puncher in boxing.
Then, on 14 January 1891, in New Orleans, he won his first world title from Jack (Nonpareil) Dempsey. Fitzsimmons knocked out Dempsey (from whom the later Jack Dempsey took his name) in the 13th round to become the World Middleweight Champion. Fitzsimmons knocked Dempsey down at least 13 times and by the finish left him in such a pitiable condition that he begged him to quit. Since Dempsey would not do so, Fitzsimmons knocked him out and then carried him to his corner. On 22 July, police broke off his fight with Jim Hall after he had knocked Hall down several times.
Fitzsimmons spent the next two years fighting non-title bouts and Exhibition fight until giving Hall a chance at the title in 1893. He retained the crown by a knockout in round four. He spent the rest of that year doing exhibitions, and on 2 June, he had scheduled a two-way exhibition where he would demonstrate in public how to hit the boxing bag and then how to box against a real opponent. Reportedly, two freak accidents happened that day: Fitzsimmons hit the bag so hard that it broke, and then his opponent of that day allegedly slipped, getting hit in the head and the boxing exhibition was cancelled.
At a public sparring performance on 16 November 1894 at Jacob's Opera House, Syracuse, New York, Fitzsimmons knocked out sparring partner Con Riordan, who was carried off unconscious and died several hours later. Two months later Fitzsimmons was charged with manslaughter but was Acquittal.Toronto Star, 19 January 1895.
Earp stopped the bout, ruling that Fitzsimmons had hit Sharkey with a low blow. His ruling was greeted with loud boos and catcalls. Very few witnessed the foul Earp ruled on. He awarded the decision to Sharkey, who attendants carried out as "...limp as a rag."
Fitzsimmons spent the rest of 1897 and 1898 doing stage tours. In 1899, Fitzsimmons fought James J. Jeffries at the Coney Island Athletic Club near Brooklyn, New York. Most people gave Jeffries little chance, even though at over 15 stones (95 kg) he massively outweighed his opponent and was far younger, but Jeffries lifted the World Heavyweight Championship from Fitzsimmons with an 11th-round knockout.
In June 1901 Fitzsimmons took part in a wrestling match against Gus Ruhlin. He lost and went back to boxing. He then enjoyed legitimate boxing knockouts of leading contenders Ruhlin and Tom Sharkey.
In 1901 he published a book Physical Culture and Self-Defense (Philadelphia: D. Biddle). In 1902, he and Jeffries had a rematch, once again with the World Heavyweight Championship at stake. Fitzsimmons battered Jeffries, who suffered horrible punishment. With his nose and cheek bones broken, most would have sympathized with Jeffries had he quit, but he kept going until his enormous strength and youth wore down Bob and he knocked him out cold in round eight.
Soon afterward, he went back to the Heavyweights, where he kept fighting until 1914, with mixed results. In 1907 at age 44, Fitzsimmons fought a much younger Jack Johnson, during the time period in which reigning champion James J. Jeffries refused to fight Johnson due to his race. The bout between Johnson and Fitzsimmons ended in victory for Johnson with a second round knockout.Ken Burns, Unforgivable Blackness
Fitzsimmons had a final professional record of 69 wins with 57 by knockout, 12 losses, 14 draws, and 6 no contests (22 newspaper decisions). His exact record remains unknown, as the boxing world often kept records poorly during his era.
In the early 1900s, Fitzsimmons, alongside his third wife and Actor Julia May Gifford, created and starred in a play surrounding their "would be divorce" titled "A Fight For Love" by Hal Reid.
In 1971, Nat Fleischer ranked Fitzsimmons the third greatest heavyweight of all time and regarded him as the greatest pound for pound knockout puncher in boxing history. Charley Rose named him the greatest light-heavyweight of all time.
The statue Peace on the Dewey Arch was modelled on Fitzsimmons by the sculptor Daniel Chester French. A statue of Fitzsimmons has also stood in the city centre of Timaru, New Zealand, since 1987. It was commissioned by New Zealand millionaire boxing fan Bob Jones and sculpted by Margriet Windhausen.Romanos, J. " Statue of Bob Fitzsimmons, Timaru", Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 27 January 2015. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
The International Boxing Hall of Fame has made Fitzsimmons a member in its "Old Timer" category as one of the inaugural inductees of the 1990 class. In 1995, he was inducted into the New Zealand Sports Hall of Fame.
In 2003, The Ring named Fitzsimmons number eight on their list of greatest punchers of all time.
In 2006, he was inducted into the Australian National Boxing Hall of Fame as an honorary international.
Fitzsimmons vs. Sharkey
Winning the heavyweight title
Winning the Light Heavyweight title
Retirement
Personal life
Death
Legacy
Works
Professional boxing record
Official record
101 Win Jersey Bellew NWS 6 20 Feb 1914 100 Win 61–8–4 Dan Sweeney NWS 6 29 Jan 1914 99 Loss 61–8–4 Bill Lang KO 12 (20) 27 Dec 1909 98 Loss 61–7–4 Jack Johnson KO 2 (6) 17 Jul 1907 97 Win 61–6–4 Charlie Haghey KO 4 (6) 31 Jan 1906 96 Loss 60–6–4 Philadelphia Jack O'Brien RTD 13 (20) 20 Dec 1905 95 Win 60–5–4 Philadelphia Jack O'Brien NWS 6 23 Jul 1904 94 Win 60–5–4 George Gardiner PTS 20 25 Nov 1903 93 Win 59–5–4 Joe Grim NWS 6 14 Oct 1903 92 Win 59–5–4 Con Coughlin TKO 1 (6), 30 Sep 1903 91 Win 58–5–4 Mike Ranke KO 2 (4), 27 Dec 1902 90 Win 57–5–4 Steward KO 1 (4) 19 Dec 1902 89 Loss 56–5–4 James J. Jeffries KO 8 (20) 25 Jul 1902 88 Win 56–4–4 Tom Sharkey KO 2 (25), 24 Aug 1900 87 Win 55–4–4 Gus Ruhlin KO 6 (25), 10 Aug 1900 86 Win 54–4–4 Ed Dunkhorst KO 2 (25), 30 Apr 1900 85 Win 53–4–4 Jim Daly TKO 1 (6) 27 Mar 1900 84 Win 52–4–4 Geoff Thorne KO 1 (6) 28 Oct 1899 83 Loss 51–4–4 James J. Jeffries KO 11 (20), 9 Jun 1899 82 Win 51–3–4 Lew Joslin KO 2 (4) 5 Jun 1897 81 Win 50–3–4 James J. Corbett KO 14 (25) 17 Mar 1897 80 Loss 49–3–4 Tom Sharkey 8 (10) 2 Dec 1896 79 Win 49–2–4 Peter Maher KO 1, 21 Feb 1896 78 Win 48–2–4 Mike Connors KO 1 (4) 19 Apr 1895 77 Win 47–2–4 Al Allich KO 3 (4) 16 Apr 1895 76 Win 46–2–4 Dan Creedon KO 2 (25), 26 Sep 1894 75 Win 45–2–4 Frank Kellar KO 2 (4) 28 Jul 1894 74 Draw 44–2–4 Joe Choynski PTS 5 (8) 18 Jun 1894 73 Win 44–2–3 Jack Hickey TKO 3 (4) 5 Sep 1893 72 Win 43–2–3 Dan Coner KO 1 (4) 30 May 1893 71 Win 42–2–3 Mike Brennan KO 4 (4) 6 May 1893 70 Win 41–2–3 Joe Godfrey KO 1 (4) 21 Apr 1893 69 Win 40–2–3 Mike Monoghan KO 1 (4) 21 Apr 1893 68 Win 39–2–3 Alexander Kilpatrick KO 4 (4) 21 Apr 1893 67 Win 38–2–3 Jack Sheridan TKO 1 (4) 15 Apr 1893 66 Win 37–2–3 Dan Curry KO 2 (4) 12 Apr 1893 65 Win 36–2–3 Hank Smith KO 1 (4) 12 Apr 1893 64 Win 35–2–3 Alexander Kilpatrick KO 3 (4) 12 Apr 1893 63 Win 34–2–3 Jack Warner TKO 1 (4) 31 Mar 1893 62 Win 33–2–3 Phil Mayo KO 2 (4) 25 Mar 1893 61 Draw 32–2–3 Dan Bayliff PTS 4 15 Mar 1893 60 Win 32–2–2 Jim Hall KO 4 8 Mar 1893 59 Win 31–2–2 Jack Britton RTD 2 (4) 10 Dec 1892 58 Win 30–2–2 Millard Zender KO 1 (4) 3 Sep 1892 57 Win 29–2–2 Jerry Slattery KO 2 (4) 11 May 1892 56 Win 28–2–2 Joe Godfrey RTD 2 (4) 6 May 1892 55 Win 27–2–2 James Farrell KO 2 (4) 29 Apr 1892 54 Win 26–2–2 Thomas Robbins RTD 3 (4) 28 Apr 1892 53 Win 25–2–2 Tom Burns RTD 3 (4) 28 Apr 1892 52 Win 24–2–2 James Malone RTD 2 (4) 27 Apr 1892 51 Win 23–2–2 Charles Puff KO 2 (4) 26 Apr 1892 50 Win 22–2–2 Peter Maher RTD 12 2 Mar 1892 49 ND 21–2–2 Harris Martin ND 4 1 May 1891 48 Win 21–2–2 Abe Coughle TKO 2 (3) 27 Apr 1891 47 Win 20–2–2 Nonpareil Dempsey RTD 13 14 Jan 1891 46 Win 19–2–2 Arthur Upham KO 9 28 Jul 1890 45 Win 18–2–2 Billy McCarthy RTD 10 29 May 1890 44 Win 17–2–2 Frank Allen RTD 1 (3) 17 May 1890 43 Win 16–2–2 Professor Jack West KO 1 (4) 1 Mar 1890 42 Win 15–2–2 Edward Starlight Rollins TKO 9 22 Feb 1890 41 Loss 14–2–2 Jim Hall KO 4 (20) 11 Feb 1890 40 Draw 14–1–2 Edward Starlight Rollins NWS 4 10 Feb 1890 39 Win 14–1–2 Dave Conway KO 4 (15) 1 Feb 1890 38 Win 13–1–2 Dick Ellis RTD 3 (20) 16 Dec 1889 37 Win 12–1–2 Professor Jack West KO 1 (8) 30 Nov 1889 36 Draw 11–1–2 Pat Kiely NWS 4 26 Nov 1889 35 Win 11–1–2 Jim Hall RTD 5 (8) 19 Jan 1889 34 Win 10–1–2 McEwan NWS 4 1 Dec 1888 33 Draw 10–1–2 Jim Hall NWS 4 24 Nov 1888 32 Win 10–1–2 Jim Hall NWS 4 10 Nov 1888 31 ND 10–1–2 Mick Dooley ND 4 1 May 1888 30 Draw 10–1–2 Bill Slavin NWS 4 17 Apr 1888 29 Draw 10–1–2 Bill Slavin NWS 4 17 Mar 1888 28 Win 10–1–2 Bill Slavin TKO 7 (8) 5 Mar 1888 27 Draw 9–1–2 Billy McCarthy NWS 4 11 Feb 1888 26 Draw 9–1–2 Tom Taylor NWS 4 26 Jan 1888 25 Draw 9–1–2 Dan Hickey PTS 4 23 Jan 1888 24 ND 9–1–1 Frank Slavin ND 4 1 Jan 1888 23 Win 9–1–1 Dave Travers KO 3 24 Sep 1887 22 Loss 8–1–1 Jim Hall NWS 4 28 May 1887 21 Win 8–1–1 George Eager KO 2 (4) 4 Apr 1887 20 Win 7–1–1 Bill Slavin TKO 5 (8) 20 Mar 1887 19 Win 6–1–1 Dick Sandall RTD 4 (4) 1 Mar 1887 18 Win 5–1–1 George Seale PTS 4 15 Feb 1887 17 Win 4–1–1 Jack Bonner NWS 4 12 Feb 1887 16 Draw 4–1–1 Frank Slavin NWS 4 1 Jan 1887 15 Draw 4–1–1 Jack Malloy PTS 4 4 Dec 1886 14 ND 4–1 McArdle ND 4 9 Oct 1886 13 4–1 Australian Billy Smith ND 4 7 Oct 1886 12 Loss 4–1 Tom Lees NWS 4 25 Aug 1886 11 Win 4–1 McArdle NWS 4 7 Aug 1886 10 Loss 4–1 Mick Dooley NWS 4 5 Jun 1886 9 Loss 4–1 Mick Dooley NWS 4 2 Jun 1886 8 4–1 Steve O'Donnell ND 4 22 May 1886 7 Loss 4–1 Mick Dooley 3 (4) 15 May 1886 6 Draw 4–0 Brinsley NWS 4 8 May 1886 5 Draw 4–0 Pablo Fanque 3 1 May 1886 4 Win 4–0 Pablo Fanque KO 2 (4) 2 Feb 1886 3 Win 3–0 Jack Greentree KO 3 (4) May 1, 1885 2 Win 2–0 Alf Brinsmead KO 2 (4) Apr 1, 1885 1 Win 1–0 Joe Riddle 4 Mar 1, 1885
Unofficial record
101 Win Jersey Bellew NWS 6 20 Feb 1914 100 Win 68–12–14 Dan Sweeney NWS 6 29 Jan 1914 99 Loss 67–12–14 Bill Lang KO 12 (20) 27 Dec 1909 98 Loss 67–11–14 Jack Johnson KO 2 (6) 17 Jul 1907 97 Win 67–10–14 Charlie Haghey KO 4 (6) 31 Jan 1906 96 Loss 66–10–14 Philadelphia Jack O'Brien RTD 13 (20) 20 Dec 1905 95 Win 66–9–14 Philadelphia Jack O'Brien NWS 6 23 Jul 1904 94 Win 65–9–14 George Gardiner PTS 20 25 Nov 1903 93 Win 64–9–14 Joe Grim NWS 6 14 Oct 1903 92 Win 63–9–14 Con Coughlin TKO 1 (6), 30 Sep 1903 91 Win 62–9–14 Mike Ranke KO 2 (4), 27 Dec 1902 90 Win 61–9–14 Steward KO 1 (4) 19 Dec 1902 89 Loss 60–9–14 James J. Jeffries KO 8 (20) 25 Jul 1902 88 Win 60–8–14 Tom Sharkey KO 2 (25), 24 Aug 1900 87 Win 59–8–14 Gus Ruhlin KO 6 (25), 10 Aug 1900 86 Win 58–8–14 Ed Dunkhorst KO 2 (25), 30 Apr 1900 85 Win 57–8–14 Jim Daly TKO 1 (6) 27 Mar 1900 84 Win 56–8–14 Geoff Thorne KO 1 (6) 28 Oct 1899 83 Loss 55–8–14 James J. Jeffries KO 11 (20), 9 Jun 1899 82 Win 55–7–14 Lew Joslin KO 2 (4) 5 Jun 1897 81 Win 54–7–14 James J. Corbett KO 14 (25) 17 Mar 1897 80 Loss 53–7–14 Tom Sharkey 8 (10) 2 Dec 1896 79 Win 53–6–14 Peter Maher KO 1, 21 Feb 1896 78 Win 52–6–14 Mike Connors KO 1 (4) 19 Apr 1895 77 Win 51–6–14 Al Allich KO 3 (4) 16 Apr 1895 76 Win 50–6–14 Dan Creedon KO 2 (25), 26 Sep 1894 75 Win 49–6–14 Frank Kellar KO 2 (4) 28 Jul 1894 74 Draw 48–6–14 Joe Choynski PTS 5 (8) 18 Jun 1894 73 Win 48–6–13 Jack Hickey TKO 3 (4) 5 Sep 1893 72 Win 47–6–13 Dan Coner KO 1 (4) 30 May 1893 71 Win 46–6–13 Mike Brennan KO 4 (4) 6 May 1893 70 Win 45–6–13 Joe Godfrey KO 1 (4) 21 Apr 1893 69 Win 44–6–13 Mike Monoghan KO 1 (4) 21 Apr 1893 68 Win 43–6–13 Alexander Kilpatrick KO 4 (4) 21 Apr 1893 67 Win 42–6–13 Jack Sheridan TKO 1 (4) 15 Apr 1893 66 Win 41–6–13 Dan Curry KO 2 (4) 12 Apr 1893 65 Win 40–6–13 Hank Smith KO 1 (4) 12 Apr 1893 64 Win 39–6–13 Alexander Kilpatrick KO 3 (4) 12 Apr 1893 63 Win 38–6–13 Jack Warner TKO 1 (4) 31 Mar 1893 62 Win 37–6–13 Phil Mayo KO 2 (4) 25 Mar 1893 61 Draw 36–6–13 Dan Bayliff PTS 4 15 Mar 1893 60 Win 36–6–12 Jim Hall KO 4 8 Mar 1893 59 Win 35–6–12 Jack Britton RTD 2 (4) 10 Dec 1892 58 Win 34–6–12 Millard Zender KO 1 (4) 3 Sep 1892 57 Win 33–6–12 Jerry Slattery KO 2 (4) 11 May 1892 56 Win 32–6–12 Joe Godfrey RTD 2 (4) 6 May 1892 55 Win 31–6–12 James Farrell KO 2 (4) 29 Apr 1892 54 Win 30–6–12 Thomas Robbins RTD 3 (4) 28 Apr 1892 53 Win 29–6–12 Tom Burns RTD 3 (4) 28 Apr 1892 52 Win 28–6–12 James Malone RTD 2 (4) 27 Apr 1892 51 Win 27–6–12 Charles Puff KO 2 (4) 26 Apr 1892 50 Win 26–6–12 Peter Maher RTD 12 2 Mar 1892 49 ND 25–6–12 Harris Martin ND 4 1 May 1891 48 Win 25–6–12 Abe Coughle TKO 2 (3) 27 Apr 1891 47 Win 24–6–12 Nonpareil Dempsey RTD 13 14 Jan 1891 46 Win 23–6–12 Arthur Upham KO 9 28 Jul 1890 45 Win 22–6–12 Billy McCarthy RTD 10 29 May 1890 44 Win 21–6–12 Frank Allen RTD 1 (3) 17 May 1890 43 Win 20–6–12 Professor Jack West KO 1 (4) 1 Mar 1890 42 Win 19–6–12 Edward Starlight Rollins TKO 9 22 Feb 1890 41 Loss 18–6–12 Jim Hall KO 4 (20) 11 Feb 1890 40 Draw 18–5–12 Edward Starlight Rollins NWS 4 10 Feb 1890 39 Win 18–5–11 Dave Conway KO 4 (15) 1 Feb 1890 38 Win 17–5–11 Dick Ellis RTD 3 (20) 16 Dec 1889 37 Win 16–5–11 Professor Jack West KO 1 (8) 30 Nov 1889 36 Draw 15–5–11 Pat Kiely NWS 4 26 Nov 1889 35 Win 15–5–10 Jim Hall RTD 5 (8) 19 Jan 1889 34 Win 14–5–10 McEwan NWS 4 1 Dec 1888 33 Draw 13–5–10 Jim Hall NWS 4 24 Nov 1888 32 Win 13–5–9 Jim Hall NWS 4 10 Nov 1888 31 ND 12–5–9 Mick Dooley ND 4 1 May 1888 30 Draw 12–5–9 Bill Slavin NWS 4 17 Apr 1888 29 Draw 12–5–8 Bill Slavin NWS 4 17 Mar 1888 28 Win 12–5–7 Bill Slavin TKO 7 (8) 5 Mar 1888 27 Draw 11–5–7 Billy McCarthy NWS 4 11 Feb 1888 26 Draw 11–5–6 Tom Taylor NWS 4 26 Jan 1888 25 Draw 11–5–5 Dan Hickey PTS 4 23 Jan 1888 24 ND 11–5–4 Frank Slavin ND 4 1 Jan 1888 23 Win 11–5–4 Dave Travers KO 3 24 Sep 1887 22 Loss 10–5–4 Jim Hall NWS 4 28 May 1887 21 Win 10–4–4 George Eager KO 2 (4) 4 Apr 1887 20 Win 9–4–4 Bill Slavin TKO 5 (8) 20 Mar 1887 19 Win 8–4–4 Dick Sandall RTD 4 (4) 1 Mar 1887 18 Win 7–4–4 George Seale PTS 4 15 Feb 1887 17 Win 6–4–4 Jack Bonner NWS 4 12 Feb 1887 16 Draw 5–4–4 Frank Slavin NWS 4 1 Jan 1887 15 Draw 5–4–3 Jack Malloy PTS 4 4 Dec 1886 14 ND 5–4–2 McArdle ND 4 9 Oct 1886 13 ND 5–4–2 Australian Billy Smith ND 4 7 Oct 1886 12 Loss 5–4–2 Tom Lees NWS 4 25 Aug 1886 11 Win 5–3–2 McArdle NWS 4 7 Aug 1886 10 Loss 4–3–2 Mick Dooley NWS 4 5 Jun 1886 9 Loss 4–2–2 Mick Dooley NWS 4 2 Jun 1886 8 4–1–2 Steve O'Donnell ND 4 22 May 1886 7 Loss 4–1–2 Mick Dooley 3 (4) 15 May 1886 6 Draw 4–0–2 Brinsley NWS 4 8 May 1886 5 Draw 4–0–1 Pablo Fanque 3 1 May 1886 4 Win 4–0 Pablo Fanque KO 2 (4) 2 Feb 1886 3 Win 3–0 Jack Greentree KO 3 (4) 1 May 1885 2 Win 2–0 Alf Brinsmead KO 2 (4) 1 Apr 1885 1 Win 1–0 Joe Riddle 4 1 Mar 1885
Titles in boxing
Major world titles
Regional/International titles
Amateur titles
See also
Notes and references
Notes
Further reading
External links
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